Water is a basic requirement for all life; we all need water to survive. In Africa, we cherish water and most people see water as a blessing to mankind. Some people make ends meet from water; there are scores of fishermen in Africa, on both large and small scale fishery. Most countries in Africa solely depends on hydrogenation (generating electricity with water), to survive. We depend so much on water for our survival, just like every other continents, we drink, we bath, we invest in farming, our pets needs water, our wildlife survive on water, we depend on water for the major house chores. Water is indeed a blessing to Africa but, let me take you to Niger/Delta Nigeria, where water is a curse to them.
The Niger Delta is Nigeria's largest wetland region and is the third largest wetland in the world. It covers over 70,000 square kilometers between latitude 4o15'N and 4o50'N and longitude 5o25'E and 7o37'. It is characterized by extensive interconnectivity of creeks, deltaic tributaries, flood plains, mangrove swamps and other coastal features. The Niger Delta has been declared a key zone for the conservation of the Western Coast of Africa on the basis of its extraordinary biodiversity. It harbors a large family and species of wildlife, especially important and fascinating variety of birds, some of which are endemic to Nigeria. Birds species recorded in Nigeria include about 940 species, of which 4 are endemic and 5 are rare or accidental (Wikipedia, 2007). The production of oil, discovered in the Niger Delta 40 years ago, is having a devastating effect on Nigeria's largest wetland region. Oil production began in the Niger Delta about 45 years ago and so did the practice of flaring associated gas. The development of the oil industry continued during the 16 years Nigeria spent under military rule, and Nigeria has become a major source of oil for the developed world. Today, Nigeria is Africa's largest oil producer and 11th world largest. Oil exploration and exploitation activities has resulted to frequent oil leaks in the Niger delta, amounting to thousands of barrels of oil been spilled into the water. Petroleum products released into the water have an enormous impact on everything from animals, to plants, to people.
Water has not brought them life but also impoverishment, conflict, human rights abuses and despair to the majority of the people in the oil-producing areas, according to a new Amnesty International report. Pollution and environmental damage caused by the oil spillage have resulted in violations of the rights to health and a healthy environment, the right to an adequate standard of living (including water) and the right to gain a living through work for hundreds of thousands of people.













